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Pacific herring, surf smelt, sand lance and rock sole, also known as forage fish, are considered critical to the survival of many species of fish and birds. Forage fish serve as a guideline for restricting beach bulkheading and other activities destructive to the spawning of these species. Pacific herring spawning areas are part of the Marine Resources Database. The Database is a collection of information concerning marine fish and shellfish resources in the coastal and inland marine waters of Washington. These data were collected by Fish Program, Marine Resources Division, of the Washington Department of Fisheries (now the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife). "In 1983, the Washington Department of Fisheries (WDF) summarized available information concerning salmon, marine fish and shellfish resources in Washington's coastal and inland marine waters. This information was intended to be published as WDF Technical Report No. 79 but for a variety of reasons the project was not completed at that time. This information primarily consisted of maps depicting locations of salmon, baitfish, ground fish, and shellfish resources and associated fisheries in Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the outer Washington coast. In 1988, the US Department of Interior's Minerals Management Service (MMS) entered into a cooperative agreement with the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission (PSMFC), liaison for Oregon and Washington fish agencies, to develop fishery resource databases required for a proposed oil and gas leasing program off the coasts of the two states. As part of this contract, WDF developed quantitative and qualitative data reports describing major fisheries resources of Washington potentially affected by offshore mining explorations and/or developments. The qualitative data report included maps depicting locations and timings of major commercial and recreational ocean fisheries, and locations of razor clam beaches and coastal surf smelt spawning beaches (WDF 1992). In 1991, WDF was requested to... |
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Pacific herring, surf smelt, sand lance and rock sole, also known as forage fish, are considered critical to the survival of many species of fish and birds. Forage fish serve as a guideline for restricting beach bulkheading and other activities destructive to the spawning of these species. Pacific herring spawning areas are part of the Marine Resources Database. The Database is a collection of information concerning marine fish and shellfish resources in the coastal and inland marine waters of Washington. These data were collected by Fish Program, Marine Resources Division, of the Washington Department of Fisheries (now the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife). "In 1983, the Washington Department of Fisheries (WDF) summarized available information concerning salmon, marine fish and shellfish resources in Washington's coastal and inland marine waters. This information was intended to be published as WDF Technical Report No. 79 but for a variety of reasons the project was not completed at that time. This information primarily consisted of maps depicting locations of salmon, baitfish, ground fish, and shellfish resources and associated fisheries in Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the outer Washington coast. In 1988, the US Department of Interior's Minerals Management Service (MMS) entered into a cooperative agreement with the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission (PSMFC), liaison for Oregon and Washington fish agencies, to develop fishery resource databases required for a proposed oil and gas leasing program off the coasts of the two states. As part of this contract, WDF developed quantitative and qualitative data reports describing major fisheries resources of Washington potentially affected by offshore mining explorations and/or developments. The qualitative data report included maps depicting locations and timings of major commercial and recreational ocean fisheries, and locations of razor clam beaches and coastal surf smelt spawning beaches (WDF 1992). In 1991, WDF was requested to... |
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This information was pulished as Technical Report 79, April 1992 Salmon, marine fish and shellfish resources and associated fisheries in Washington's coastal and inland mairne waters by the Habitat Management Division of the then Washington Department of Fisheries (WDF), now known as the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. This report resulted from the efforts of many individuals within WDF. Thom Hooper and Don Haring were project leaders for Habitat Management Division. Dick Allen, Brian Benson and Bill Graeber were the principal authors and Randy McIntosh provided the graphics for this report. Several other WDF personnel provided data for and/or reviewed portions of the report. They included Chuck Aldrich, Jon Anderson, Dan Ayers, Steve Berry, Alex Bradbury, Ray Buckley, Dick Bumgarner, Randy Carman, Theresa Clocksin, Anita Cook, Brian Culver, Wolf Dammers, Gary Davis, Dan Doty, Brett Dumbauld, Kurt Fresh, Lynn Goodwin, Mike Gross, Don Hendrick, Dwight Herren, Tom Jagielo, Gayle Kreitman, Paul LaRiviere, Doug Milward, Jim Norris, Tom Northup, Dan Pentilla, Cyreis Schmitt, Al Scholz, Doug Simons, Dennis Tufts, Wendy White, and Bill Wood. Special thanks are due to Dale Gombert of WDF for preparation of the majority of the maps and figures used in this report. |
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<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>Locations of documented Pacific Herring (culpa harengus pallasi) spawning areas through 1991 (WDFW, 1984, as ammended 1986). The polygons were later edited by Kurt Stick, and digitized by Dale Gombert, both WDFW, 12/2003, and most recently (2010, 2017, and 2018) by Adam Lindquist. Polygons show documented pacific herring spawning areas at specific sites throughout Puget Sound and Washington coastal areas and bays. Along the Washington coast, small populations spawn in Willapa Bay and Grays Harbor, and some spawning has been reported in the Columbia River estuary (Monaco et al. 1990). Larval and juvenile herring have also been found in Grays Harbor (Monaco et al. 1990). Herring deposit their eggs on marine vegetation: eelgrass and various algae, in the shallow subtidal and intertidal zone generally at tidal elevations from +3 feet to -20 feet Mean Low Low Waterline (MLLW). Forage fish are small, pelagic schooling fish which are important as forage for predatory fish, birds, and mammals. They provide an important link in the food chain between zooplankton and piscivorous (fish-eating animals). Because herring migrate considerable distances from their spawning grounds, impact on the critical habitats they utilize in one area could affect harvest or the food chain at other locations.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV> |
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<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>Any products derived from these data should reference the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife as the source.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV> |
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Herring Spawning Areas |
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["holding areas","bait fish","Protection Island area","north Hood Canal","late 20th century","early 21st century","Georgia Strait","Puget Sound","shore zone","Hale Passage","intertidal zone","Pacific Ocean","Bellingham Bay","forage fish","biota","Washington State marine waters","Pacific herring","subtidal","Clupea harengus"] |
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